Gruyère
Other names Gruyere cheese, Gruyere cheese from cow's milk
Gruyère: high in histamine and tyramine. If you're sensitive to any of these, check it against your profile before eating.
Intolerances
- Histamine (+liberators / DAO inhibitors)High
Gruyère is aged five to eighteen months and washed on the rind through all of it, and washing encourages the surface bacteria that break protein down into histamine. That is why a cave-aged gruyère measures well above a young one and why the age on the label is the number to read.
Sources· 3
- Fox PF, Cheese - Chemistry, Physics and Microbiology, vol. 1
- McCabe-Sellers et al., J Food Compos Anal 2006
- Maintz & Novak, Am J Clin Nutr 2007
- TyramineHigh
Gruyere is aged five to eighteen months with its rind washed throughout, and washing feeds the surface bacteria that break protein down into tyramine. The age on the label is the number that matters: a cave-aged wheel sits well above a young one.
Sources· 3
- EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards, Scientific Opinion on tyramine and histamine in fermented foods, EFSA Journal 2011
- McCabe-Sellers et al., J Food Compos Anal 2006
- Gardner et al., J Clin Psychiatry 1996
- SalicylateNone
- SucroseNone
- FODMAPsNone
- LactoseFODMAPsNone
Gruyere heads the list of cheeses measured with no detectable lactose or galactose. Five to eighteen months of ripening with the rind washed throughout keeps the surface bacteria working the whole time, and sugar is the first thing they finish.
Sources· 2
- Portnoi PA & MacDonald A, J Hum Nutr Diet 22 (2009), 400-408, 109 samples of 12 cheese types analysed for the UK Galactosaemia Support Group
- USDA FoodData Central
- OligosaccharidesFODMAPsNone
- SorbitolFODMAPsNone
- FructoseFODMAPsNone
- NickelNone
- OxalatesNone
- GlutenNo
Intolerance levels are based on our documented scientific sources. See sources →
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Frequently asked questions
Which intolerances does gruyère affect?
Gruyère is notable for histamine and tyramine. Clear on salicylate, sucrose, FODMAPs, lactose, oligosaccharides, sorbitol, fructose, nickel, oxalates and gluten.
Does gruyère contain histamine?
Yes — gruyère is high in histamine. Gruyère is aged five to eighteen months and washed on the rind through all of it, and washing encourages the surface bacteria that break protein down into histamine. That is why a cave-aged gruyère measures well above a young one and why the age on the label is the number to read.
Does gruyère contain tyramine?
Yes — gruyère is high in tyramine. Gruyere is aged five to eighteen months with its rind washed throughout, and washing feeds the surface bacteria that break protein down into tyramine. The age on the label is the number that matters: a cave-aged wheel sits well above a young one. Amounts vary by brand and recipe, so always check the label of the exact product.
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